Low Level of Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance at Two HIV Care Centres in Ghana: A Threshold Survey
Identifieur interne : 000583 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000582; suivant : 000584Low Level of Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance at Two HIV Care Centres in Ghana: A Threshold Survey
Auteurs : E Y Bonney [Ghana] ; N A Addo [Ghana] ; N A A. Ntim [Ghana] ; F. Addo-Yobo [Ghana] ; P. Bondzie [Ghana] ; K-E Aryee [Ghana] ; J. Barnor [Ghana] ; J. Brandful [Ghana] ; V. Bekoe [Ghana] ; S-A Ohene [Ghana] ; W. Ampofo [Ghana]Source :
- Ghana Medical Journal [ 0016-9560 ] ; 2013.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Adulte, Analyse de mutations d'ADN, Antirétroviraux (usage thérapeutique), Femelle, Ghana (épidémiologie), Grossesse, Génotype, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mutation, Programmes nationaux de santé, Protéase du VIH (génétique), Prévalence, Résistance virale aux médicaments (génétique), Surveillance sentinelle, Séropositivité VIH (traitement médicamenteux), Séropositivité VIH (transmission), Séropositivité VIH (virologie), Séropositivité VIH (épidémiologie), Transcriptase inverse du VIH (génétique), VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (génétique).
- MESH :
- génétique : Protéase du VIH, Résistance virale aux médicaments, Transcriptase inverse du VIH, VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1).
- traitement médicamenteux : Séropositivité VIH.
- usage thérapeutique : Antirétroviraux, Séropositivité VIH.
- virologie : Séropositivité VIH.
- épidémiologie : Ghana, Séropositivité VIH.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Analyse de mutations d'ADN, Femelle, Grossesse, Génotype, Humains, Jeune adulte, Mutation, Programmes nationaux de santé, Prévalence, Surveillance sentinelle.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Ghana.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents (therapeutic use), DNA Mutational Analysis, Drug Resistance, Viral (genetics), Female, Genotype, Ghana (epidemiology), HIV Protease (genetics), HIV Reverse Transcriptase (genetics), HIV Seropositivity (drug therapy), HIV Seropositivity (epidemiology), HIV Seropositivity (transmission), HIV Seropositivity (virology), HIV-1 (genetics), Humans, Mutation, National Health Programs, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Sentinel Surveillance, Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , genetics : HIV Protease, HIV Reverse Transcriptase.
- chemical , therapeutic use : Anti-Retroviral Agents.
- geographic , epidemiology : Ghana.
- drug therapy : HIV Seropositivity.
- epidemiology : HIV Seropositivity.
- genetics : Drug Resistance, Viral, HIV-1.
- transmission : HIV Seropositivity.
- virology : HIV Seropositivity.
- Adolescent, Adult, DNA Mutational Analysis, Female, Genotype, Humans, Mutation, National Health Programs, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Sentinel Surveillance, Young Adult.
Abstract
As access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases, the emergence and transmission of HIV drug resistant strains becomes a major problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) therefore recommends an initial minimum-resource method to signal when transmitted HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) requires action.
This survey sought to generate information on the presence of HIV drug-resistant strains in the locality where Ghana's ART for HIV was first introduced.
The Ghana HIVDR threshold survey (TS) was conducted and analyzed according to WHO strategy for surveillance of HIVDR in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Sixty (60) plasma specimens were collected from 2007 to 2009 by an unlinked anonymous method from HIV seropositive pregnant women, aged between 15 to24 years, who were with their first pregnancy and ART naive. Genotyping was done as follows; Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from the samples and the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes amplified and sequenced. The sequences were then analyzed for HIV drug resistance mutations using Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.
Only two individuals were found with major HIVDR mutations: one each in the PR and RT genes. Thus the level of HIVDR in the study population in 2009 was classified as low (< 5%).
As at February 2009, transmitted drug resistance was not a serious problem in the Eastern Region of Ghana. However, it is important to continue monitoring tHIVDR in order to understand the dynamics of the evolution of HIV drug resistance in the country.
Url:
PubMed: 23966745
PubMed Central: 3743108
Affiliations:
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Addo-Yobo</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Virology Dept, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon Accra</nlm:aff><orgName type="university">Université du Ghana</orgName><country>Ghana</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><settlement type="town">Legon (Ghana)</settlement><region type="region">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bondzie, P" sort="Bondzie, P" uniqKey="Bondzie P" first="P" last="Bondzie">P. Bondzie</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Virology Dept, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon Accra</nlm:aff><orgName type="university">Université du Ghana</orgName><country>Ghana</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><settlement type="town">Legon (Ghana)</settlement><region type="region">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Aryee, K E" sort="Aryee, K E" uniqKey="Aryee K" first="K-E" last="Aryee">K-E Aryee</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Virology Dept, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon Accra</nlm:aff><orgName type="university">Université du Ghana</orgName><country>Ghana</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><settlement type="town">Legon (Ghana)</settlement><region type="region">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barnor, J" sort="Barnor, J" uniqKey="Barnor J" first="J" last="Barnor">J. 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Bekoe</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A2">National AIDS/STI Control Program, Ghana Health Service, Accra</nlm:aff><country>Ghana</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName><wicri:orgArea>National AIDS/STI Control Program, Ghana Health Service</wicri:orgArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ohene, S A" sort="Ohene, S A" uniqKey="Ohene S" first="S-A" last="Ohene">S-A Ohene</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="A3">World Health Organization, Ghana Office, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>World Health Organization, Ghana Office, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ampofo, W" sort="Ampofo, W" uniqKey="Ampofo W" first="W" last="Ampofo">W. Ampofo</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="A1">Virology Dept, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon Accra</nlm:aff><orgName type="university">Université du Ghana</orgName><country>Ghana</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><settlement type="town">Legon (Ghana)</settlement><region type="region">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Ghana Medical Journal</title><idno type="ISSN">0016-9560</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Anti-Retroviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>DNA Mutational Analysis</term><term>Drug Resistance, Viral (genetics)</term><term>Female</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Ghana (epidemiology)</term><term>HIV Protease (genetics)</term><term>HIV Reverse Transcriptase (genetics)</term><term>HIV Seropositivity (drug therapy)</term><term>HIV Seropositivity (epidemiology)</term><term>HIV Seropositivity (transmission)</term><term>HIV Seropositivity (virology)</term><term>HIV-1 (genetics)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Mutation</term><term>National Health Programs</term><term>Pregnancy</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Sentinel Surveillance</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Analyse de mutations d'ADN</term><term>Antirétroviraux (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Ghana (épidémiologie)</term><term>Grossesse</term><term>Génotype</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Programmes nationaux de santé</term><term>Protéase du VIH (génétique)</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Résistance virale aux médicaments (génétique)</term><term>Surveillance sentinelle</term><term>Séropositivité VIH (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Séropositivité VIH (transmission)</term><term>Séropositivité VIH (virologie)</term><term>Séropositivité VIH (épidémiologie)</term><term>Transcriptase inverse du VIH (génétique)</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1) (génétique)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Protease</term><term>HIV Reverse Transcriptase</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Anti-Retroviral Agents</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Ghana</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Seropositivity</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Seropositivity</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Drug Resistance, Viral</term><term>HIV-1</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Protéase du VIH</term><term>Résistance virale aux médicaments</term><term>Transcriptase inverse du VIH</term><term>VIH-1 (Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Séropositivité VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="transmission" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Seropositivity</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antirétroviraux</term><term>Séropositivité VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Séropositivité VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>HIV Seropositivity</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ghana</term><term>Séropositivité VIH</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>DNA Mutational Analysis</term><term>Female</term><term>Genotype</term><term>Humans</term><term>Mutation</term><term>National Health Programs</term><term>Pregnancy</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Sentinel Surveillance</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Analyse de mutations d'ADN</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Grossesse</term><term>Génotype</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Mutation</term><term>Programmes nationaux de santé</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Surveillance sentinelle</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ghana</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Summary</title><sec><title>Background</title><p>As access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) increases, the emergence and transmission of HIV drug resistant strains becomes a major problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) therefore recommends an initial minimum-resource method to signal when transmitted HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) requires action.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>This survey sought to generate information on the presence of HIV drug-resistant strains in the locality where Ghana's ART for HIV was first introduced.</p></sec><sec sec-type="methods"><title>Methods</title><p>The Ghana HIVDR threshold survey (TS) was conducted and analyzed according to WHO strategy for surveillance of HIVDR in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Sixty (60) plasma specimens were collected from 2007 to 2009 by an unlinked anonymous method from HIV seropositive pregnant women, aged between 15 to24 years, who were with their first pregnancy and ART naive. Genotyping was done as follows; Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from the samples and the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) genes amplified and sequenced. The sequences were then analyzed for HIV drug resistance mutations using Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.</p></sec><sec sec-type="results"><title>Results</title><p>Only two individuals were found with major HIVDR mutations: one each in the PR and RT genes. Thus the level of HIVDR in the study population in 2009 was classified as low (< 5%).</p></sec><sec sec-type="conclusions"><title>Conclusion</title><p>As at February 2009, transmitted drug resistance was not a serious problem in the Eastern Region of Ghana. However, it is important to continue monitoring tHIVDR in order to understand the dynamics of the evolution of HIV drug resistance in the country.</p></sec></div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Ghana</li></country><region><li>Région du Grand Accra</li></region><settlement><li>Accra</li><li>Legon (Ghana)</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université du Ghana</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Ghana"><region name="Région du Grand Accra"><name sortKey="Bonney, E Y" sort="Bonney, E Y" uniqKey="Bonney E" first="E Y" last="Bonney">E Y Bonney</name></region><name sortKey="Addo Yobo, F" sort="Addo Yobo, F" uniqKey="Addo Yobo F" first="F" last="Addo-Yobo">F. Addo-Yobo</name><name sortKey="Addo, N A" sort="Addo, N A" uniqKey="Addo N" first="N A" last="Addo">N A Addo</name><name sortKey="Ampofo, W" sort="Ampofo, W" uniqKey="Ampofo W" first="W" last="Ampofo">W. Ampofo</name><name sortKey="Aryee, K E" sort="Aryee, K E" uniqKey="Aryee K" first="K-E" last="Aryee">K-E Aryee</name><name sortKey="Barnor, J" sort="Barnor, J" uniqKey="Barnor J" first="J" last="Barnor">J. Barnor</name><name sortKey="Bekoe, V" sort="Bekoe, V" uniqKey="Bekoe V" first="V" last="Bekoe">V. Bekoe</name><name sortKey="Bondzie, P" sort="Bondzie, P" uniqKey="Bondzie P" first="P" last="Bondzie">P. Bondzie</name><name sortKey="Brandful, J" sort="Brandful, J" uniqKey="Brandful J" first="J" last="Brandful">J. Brandful</name><name sortKey="Ntim, N A A" sort="Ntim, N A A" uniqKey="Ntim N" first="N A A" last="Ntim">N A A. Ntim</name><name sortKey="Ohene, S A" sort="Ohene, S A" uniqKey="Ohene S" first="S-A" last="Ohene">S-A Ohene</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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